Perl is a programming language which we use to execute some high-level tasks quickly, mainly related to text processing.
Designed by Lary Wall, this was maybe one of the first languages to come with, more than its sub-culture, a philosophy (e.g., "there's more than one way to do it" or "be lazy") and own universe.
The -s option (such as is used in bib2wiki) to read arguments from the command line is very convenient.